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起源于1931年的英语词汇列表

  • bupkis(n.)

    also bupkes, bubkis, "nothing." By 1931, possibly by 1919. Said by Partridge Slang to be from the Russian for "beans"; but the sense was understood in American Yiddish slang to be more specifically "goat shit."

    "Don't tell me you go to the synagogue, Madge. Hot bubkis, that would be irony steaming from the water-closet." [Maxwell Bodenheim, Duke Herring, 1931.]

    Term was popularized in US after being used on an episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show ("Bupkis" aired March 10, 1965). Writer Sam Denoff had learned the word from his mother and, not realizing it was considered a swear word, utilized it prominently on the show where it was defined by the characters as "a Yiddish word meaning 'nothing.'" The censors, apparently unfamiliar with the term, allowed it to air. It thus rose into popular use, lacking a sense of cursing.

    Basically, now, I'm about to pour the dog wee onto the pile of baking soda, which, if the myth is correct, should cause a small explosion. Or, if we're actually on Earth, should do absolutely bupkis. [Adam Savage, MythBusters episode "Chicken Gun/Octopus Pregnancy/Killer Washing Machine", 2004.]
  • black market(n.)

    "非法交易受限或配给的商品",1931年,来自 black(形容词),可能意味着“黑暗,隐形”或“阴暗,不当”,加上 market(名词)。自1935年起作为形容词使用。该短语的使用在二战配给开始时增加。

  • carny(n.)

    1931年,美国俚语,缩写自 carnival worker(见 carnival)。

  • deoxyribose(n.)

    还有一个 desoxyribose(脱氧核糖)于1931年被发现,由于糖中2'碳上的羟基(-OH)在这种情况下被氧原子丢失,并变为氢原子(H),所以命名为 deoxy-(去除氧),并加上 ribose

  • dyke(n.)

    “斗牛士”,尤指被认为强硬、男子气概或具有攻击性的“女同性恋者”,1931年,美国英语,可能是 morphadike 的缩写,这是 hermaphrodite 的方言变形; 但 bulldyker “从事女同性恋活动”可追溯到1921年。根据《美国俚语词典》,一份1896年的来源将 dyke 列为“阴道”的俚语,而 Farmer 和 Henley(《俚语及其类似语》1893年)则将“hedge on the dyke”列为“女性阴毛”的俚语。

    [T]he word appears first in the long forms, bulldiker and bulldyking, both used in the 1920s by American blacks. No African antecedents have been found for the term, however, which leads to the possibility that this is basically just another backcountry, barnyard word, perhaps a combination of BULL and DICK. [Rawson]
    “这个词首先出现在长形式中, bulldikerbulldyking,两者都在20世纪20年代被美国黑人使用。然而,没有发现这个词的非洲前身,这可能只是另一个乡村、牲畜场的词语,也许是 BULL 和 DICK 的组合。”[Rawson]
  • deoxyribonucleic(n.)

    1931年, deoxyribonucleic acid(最初名为 desoxyribonucleic)被发现为一种核酸,水解后能获得去氧核糖。它来源于 deoxyribose(请参阅该词)和 nucleic acid(参见 nucleic)。它通常存在于高等生物的染色体中,储存着遗传信息。

  • etaoin shrdlu

    1931年,新闻行话,如果您在 Linotype 键的两个左侧列上划动手指,您将得到这个序列的字符,这是排版工人在搞砸一行并不得不重新开始时所做的。这是一个切断句子的信号,但有时它会溜过忙碌的排版工人,最终出现在印刷品中。

  • fader(n.)

    声音控制装置,1931年,来自 fade(动词)的代词。

  • gemmologist(n.)

    1931年,源自 gemmology(1811年),源自拉丁语 gemma(参见 gem)+ -ology

  • gulag(n.)

    古代苏联的政治犯监狱和劳改营系统,特别是针对政治犯的; 该术语是俄语 Glavnoe upravlenie ispravitel'no-trudovykh lagerei 的缩写,意为“劳改营管理总局”,成立于1931年。