起源于1863年的英语词汇列表
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larvivorous(adj.)
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lobbyist(n.)
1863年,美国英语,来自 lobby(名词)在政治意义上的含义+ -ist。
[A] strong lobbyist will permit himself to lose heavily at the poker-table, under the assumption that the great Congressman who wins the stake will look leniently upon the little appropriation he means to ask for. [George A. Townsend, "Events at the National Capital and the Campaign of 1876," Hartford, Conn., 1876]
“一个强大的游说者会允许自己在扑克桌上输掉大量赌注,假设赢得赌注的伟大国会议员将对他要求的小额拨款表示宽容。”[乔治·A·汤森德,《国家首都的事件和1876年的竞选活动》,康涅狄格州哈特福德,1876年]
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macrophotography(n.)
"无需使用放大镜拍摄实物大小或更大的摄影术",1863年,来自 macro- + photography。
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marrowsky(n.)
"一种受损的语言,其相邻单词的初始辅音被转置" [OED],据说源于波兰伯爵的姓名。与 spoonerism 相比,其描述相同。
MARROWSKYING, subs. (general).—At the London University they had a way of disguising English (described by Albert Smith, in Mr. Ledbury, 1848, as the 'Gower-street dialect'), which consisted in transposing the initials of words; as 'poke a smipe' = smoke a pipe; 'flutter-by' = butterfly; 'stint of pout' = pint of stout; etc. This is often termed MARROWSKYING. [Farmer and Henley, "Slang and Its Analogues," 1896]
马洛斯基变形语, subs.(常见)。—在伦敦大学,他们有一种伪装英语的方法(由阿尔伯特·史密斯在他的《Mr. Ledbury》1848年描述为“高尔街方言”),这种方法涉及交换单词的首字母; 如 'poke a smipe' = smoke a pipe; 'flutter-by' = butterfly; 'stint of pout' = pint of stout; etc. 这通常被称为马洛斯基变形语。[法默和亨利,《俚语及其类似之处》,1896年]
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miscegenate(v.)
"混合种族",最初特别指黑人和白人之间的交配,1863年(Croly); 参见 miscegenation。相关词汇: Miscegenated; miscegenating。
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miscegenation(n.)
"种族杂交",最初特别指黑人和白人之间的性交,1863年,由美国记者大卫·古德曼·克罗利不规则地创造,源自拉丁语 miscere "混合"(来自 PIE 词根 *meik- "混合")+ genus "种族",来自 PIE 词根 *gene- "生育,产生",带有指涉生殖、家庭和部落群体的派生词。它最初出现在《种族混合论:应用于美国白人和黑人的混合理论》一书中,这是克罗利和其他人在1864年美国总统选举之前匿名出版的假反废奴传单。旧词为 amalgamation。
The design of "Miscegenation" was exceedingly ambitious, and the machinery employed was probably among the most ingenious and audacious ever put into operation to procure the indorsement of absurd theories and give the subject the widest notoriety. The object was to so make use of the prevailing ideas of the extremists of the Anti-Slavery party, as to induce them to accept doctrines which would be obnoxious to the great mass of the community, and which would, of course, be used in the political canvass which was to ensue. [P.T. Barnum, "The Humbugs of the World," 1866; he also writes that, despite the pamphlet being an ingenious and impudent literary hoax, the word "has passed into the language and no future dictionary will be complete without it."]
《种族混合论》的设计非常雄心勃勃,所使用的机制可能是有史以来最巧妙和大胆的,旨在获得荒谬理论的认可,并使该主题广为人知。其目的是利用废奴党极端分子的流行思想,使他们接受对大多数社区令人反感的学说,并在随后的政治竞选中使用。[P.T.巴纳姆,《世界上的骗子》,1866年; 他还写道,尽管这本小册子是一个巧妙而无耻的文学骗局,但这个词“已经进入了语言,没有任何未来的词典会完整无缺地缺少它。”]
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morphogenesis(n.)
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motivate(v.)
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officialdom(n.)
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pace(prep.)
"经允许,凭借许可",1863年,源自拉丁语 pace, pax 的与格,意为"和平",例如 pace tua "对您表示敬意",源自 PIE 词根 *pag- "系紧"。"主要用作礼貌或反讽的道歉,以表示矛盾或意见不同" [OED]。有时被误用为"根据"的意思,而不是相反的意思。