-ate(1)
-ate(2)
-are 是拉丁语动词的语尾,与 -ate (1) 相同。古英语通常通过在单词后添加动词后缀来从形容词中派生动词(例如 gnornian"be sad, mourn," gnorn"sad, depressed"),但随着英语单词的屈折在晚期古英语和早期中古英语中消失, dry 、empty 、warm 等单词的形容词和动词之间没有区别。因此,英语习惯于一个单词的形容词和动词形式相同,当他们在 c. 1500 年后开始扩展基于拉丁语的词汇时,他们只是从拉丁语过去分词形容词中派生动词而不改变其形式(例如 aggravate 、substantiate),并且拉丁语动词被英语化为其过去分词词干的惯例。
-ate(3)
在化学中,用于从 -ic 中形成盐的名称的构词元素; 来自拉丁语 -atus, -atum,用于形成形容词和名词的后缀; 与 -ate (1)相同。
The substance formed, for example, by the action of acetic acid (vinegar) on lead was described in the 18th century as plumbum acetatum, i.e. acetated lead. Acetatum was then taken as a noun meaning "the acetated (product)," i.e. acetate. [W.E. Flood, "The Origins of Chemical Names," London, 1963]
例如,醋酸(醋)对铅的作用形成的物质在18世纪被描述为 plumbum acetatum,即醋酸铅。然后, Acetatum 被视为一个名词,意思是"醋酸化(产品)",即 acetate。[W.E. Flood,《化学名词的起源》,伦敦,1963年]