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起源于1821年的英语单词列表

  • inflatable(adj.)

    1821年,由 inflate-able 组成。

  • intellectualization(n.)

    1821年,动作名词,源自 intellectualize

  • journalism(n.)

    "新闻业,编辑或出版报纸或公共期刊",始于1821年,最初被视为英语中的法语词汇,源自法语 journalisme(1781),源自 journal “每日出版物”(参见 journal); 比较 journalist

    Where men are insulated they are easily oppressed; when roads become good, and intercourse is easy, their force is increased more than a hundred fold: when, without personal communication, their opinions can be interchanged, and the people thus become one mass, breathing one breath and one spirit, their might increases in a ratio of which it is difficult to find the measure or the limit. Journalism does this office .... ["New Monthly Magazine," London, 1831]
    当人们孤立无援时,他们很容易受到压迫; 当道路变得良好,交往变得容易时,他们的力量增加了一百倍以上:当在没有个人交流的情况下,他们的意见可以交换,人们因此成为一个呼吸同一气息和精神的整体,他们的力量增加的比例很难找到度量或限制。新闻业就是这样的工作.... ["新月刊",伦敦,1831年]
    [Géo] London was in western France covering the trial of a parricide that began in mid-afternoon. Because he had an early deadline, he telephoned a story that he was certain would take place: an angry crowd cursing the accused as he was marched to the courthouse from his holding cell at the police station. London then relaxed over lunch until he saw with dismay the guards and the prisoner coming but "not even the shadow of a gawker." His reputation at stake, he stalked to the door, cried out, "Kill him!" and returned to his table. [Benjamin F. Martin, "France in 1938"]
    [Géo]伦敦在法国西部报道了一起从下午中开始的弑父案。由于他有早期的截止日期,他打电话预测了一个故事:一个愤怒的人群咒骂被告,当他从警察局的拘留室被押送到法院时。然后,伦敦在午餐时放松了,直到他惊愕地看到警卫和囚犯走来,但“甚至没有一个好奇者的影子”。他的声誉受到威胁,他走到门口,大喊:“杀了他!”然后回到他的桌子上。[本杰明·F·马丁,“1938年的法国”]
  • katzenjammer(n.)

    1821年,德国语境下指“宿醉”,美国英语俚语,源自德语 Katzenjammer “宿醉”(18世纪),在口语中也引申为“良心的谴责,发誓改过自新”,字面意思为“猫的哀嚎,猫的痛苦”,由 katze “猫”(见 cat(n.))的组合形式 katzenjammer “痛苦,哀嚎”(见 yammer(v.))组成。

    Pleasure can intoxicate, passion can inebriate, success can make you quite as drunk as champagne. The waking from these several stages of delights will bring the same result--Katzenjammer. In English you would call it reaction; but whole pages of English cannot express the sick, empty, weary, vacant feeling which is so concisely contained within these four German syllables. ["Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine," August 1884]
    快乐可以使人陶醉,激情可以使人醉心,成功可以让你像香槟一样醉。从这些愉悦的阶段中醒来会带来同样的结果—— Katzenjammer。在英语中,你会称之为反应; 但是整整一页的英语也无法表达这四个德语音节中所包含的那种病态、空虚、疲惫、空洞的感觉。["黑伍德爱丁堡杂志",1884年8月]

    Katzenjammer Kids “非常淘气的孩子”源自流行报纸漫画的标题(基于德国 Max und Moritz 故事),由德国出生的美国漫画家鲁道夫·迪尔克斯(Rudolph Dirks,1877-1968)于1897年为“纽约日报”绘制。因此, katzenjammer 在意义上指“任何不愉快的反应”(1897年)。该漫画在第一次世界大战期间暂时被去德国化:

    "THE SHENANIGAN KIDS" is the new American name for the original "Katzenjammer Kids." Although the original name and idea were pure Holland Dutch, some people may have had the mistaken impression that they were of Germanic origin, and hence the change. It is the same splendid comic as in the past. [International Feature Service advertisement in "Editor & Publisher," July 6, 1918]
    “淘气的孩子”是原始“Katzenjammer Kids”的新美国名称。虽然原名和想法是纯荷兰荷兰语,但有些人可能错误地认为它们是德国起源,因此更改了名称。它是与过去一样辉煌的漫画。[国际特征服务在“编辑和出版商”,1918年7月6日的广告]
  • leadership(n.)

    1821年,"领袖的位置,指挥",来自 leader + -ship。到19世纪末,这个意义扩展到"成为领袖所必需的特征,领导能力"。

  • lignin(n.)

    木质细胞的有机物质,1821年,源自拉丁语 lignum “木材”(参见 ligni-) + 化学后缀 -in(2)。

  • loot(v.)

    "抢劫; 掠夺",1821年,来自 loot(名词)。相关词汇: Lootedlooting

  • lurch(v.)

    1821年,"突然向一侧滚动或摇晃",源自 lurch(名词)。"走路时步伐不稳"的意思来自1851年。相关词汇: Lurchedlurching

  • majlis(n.)

    "中东国家的议会、委员会"(后来特别是指首字母大写的 M-,即波斯国民议会),1821年,源自阿拉伯语 majlis "议会",字面意思是"会议",来自 jalasa "他坐下"。

  • make-up(n.)

    1821年,也有 makeup,表示“某物被组合的方式”,源自动词短语(见 make(v.)+ up(adv.))。make up 的意思是“通过聚集在一起建立、收集成一种形式”,始于14世纪晚期,也有“准备”的意思。它在15世纪晚期被证明是“提供等价物”,在1660年代被证明是“结束争吵、和解、解决分歧、重新成为朋友”,到1825年被证明是“巧妙制造”(故事等)。

    1808年,指演员“为扮演角色做准备”(包括着装和化妆),因此有“面部和服装的外观”(1858年)和“化妆品”的意义,最早见于1886年,最初是指演员。