lurch(n.1)
"突然向一侧倾斜",1784年,源自早期的 lee-larches(1765),是航海术语,指“船在大海中突然向李侧倾斜,当一大浪袭击船体并将其风侧猛烈抬起时,船体的另一侧相应地下降”["Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences," London 1765]。这可能源自法语 lacher “放手”,源自拉丁语 laxus(见 lax)。
When a Ship is brought by the Lee, it is commonly occaſsioned by a large Sea, and by the Neglect of the Helm's-man. When the Wind is two or three Points on the Quarter, the Ship taking a Lurch, brings the Wind on the other Side, and lays the Sails all dead to the Maſt; as the Yards are braced up, ſhe then having no Way, and the Helm being of no Service, I would therefore brace about the Head ſails ſharp the other Way .... [John Hamilton Moore, Practical Navigator, 8th ed., 1784]
当船被带到李侧时,通常是由于大浪和舵手的疏忽造成的。当风在四分之二或三点时,船体突然倾斜,将风带到另一侧,并将帆全部压在桅杆上; 由于桅杆被拉紧,船体没有速度,舵也没有作用,因此我会将前帆急转向另一侧....[约翰·汉密尔顿·摩尔(John Hamilton Moore),《实用导航员》,第8版,1784年]
该词起源时间:1784年