blasphemy（n.）
“亵渎神或神圣事物的不虔诚或亵渎言论”，早期13世纪，来自古法语 blasfemie “亵渎”，源自晚期拉丁语 blasphemia，来自希腊语 blasphēmia “说坏话，不虔诚的言论，诽谤”，来自 blasphēmein “说恶言”。
第二个元素是 phēmē “话语”（来自 PIE 词根 *bha-（2）“说话，讲述”）； 第一个元素不确定，也许与 blaptikos “有害的”有关，尽管 blax “松弛（身体和头脑），愚蠢”也被提出； 德·范（de Vaan）认为它与拉丁语 malus “坏的，不愉快的”（来自 PIE 词根 *mel-（3））的词根有关。在旧约用法中，该词适用于一种更具体的罪行，即针对耶和华作为犹太人统治者的尊敬，类似于叛国罪。
Blasphemy cognizable by common law is described by Blackstone to be "denying the being or providence of God, contumelious reproaches of our Saviour Christ, profane scoffing at the Holy Scripture, or exposing it to contempt or ridicule"; by Kent as "maliciously reviling God or religion"; and by Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw as "speaking evil of the Deity with an impious purpose to derogate from the Divine Majesty and to alienate the minds of others from the love and reverence of God." [Century Dictionary, 1895]
布莱克斯通（Blackstone）描述的普通法可认定的亵渎是“否认上帝的存在或上帝的安排，对我们的救主基督进行侮辱，亵渎圣经，或使其受到轻蔑或嘲笑”； 肯特（Kent）则认为是“恶意诽谤上帝或宗教”； 莱缪尔·肖（Lemuel Shaw）首席大法官则认为是“说上帝的恶言，意在贬低神圣的威严，使他人心灵远离上帝的爱和尊敬。”[世纪词典，1895]
To laugh at the pretensions of Mohammed in Constantinople is blasphemy. To say in St Petersburg that Mohammed was a prophet of God is also blasphemy. There was a time when to acknowledge the divinity of Christ in Jerusalem was blasphemy. To deny his divinity is now blasphemy in New York. Blasphemy is to a considerable extent a geographical question. [Robert G. Ingersoll, quoted in "Discussions," 1902]
在君士坦丁堡嘲笑穆罕默德的声张是亵渎。在圣彼得堡说穆罕默德是上帝的先知也是亵渎。曾经在耶路撒冷承认基督的神性是亵渎。在纽约否认他的神性也是亵渎。亵渎在很大程度上是一个地理问题。[罗伯特·G·英格索尔（Robert G. Ingersoll），引自“讨论”，1902]
该词起源时间：13世纪初