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*ghos-ti-的词源解释,*ghos-ti-来源

*ghos-ti-

原始印欧语根,意为“陌生人,客人,主人”,恰当地表示“一种对古代印欧社会非常重要的互惠关系”,代表“潜在的敌人和客人的双重路径”。

The word ghos-ti- was thus the central expression of the guest-host relationship, a mutual exchange relationship highly important to ancient Indo-European society. A guest-friendship was a bond of trust between two people that was accompanied by ritualized gift-giving and created an obligation of mutual hospitality and friendship that, once established, could continue in perpetuity and be renewed years later by the same parties or their descendants. [Calvert Watkins, "American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots"]
因此,“ghos-ti-”一词是客人和主人关系的核心表达,是一种信任的纽带,伴随着礼物的 ritualized gift-giving,创造了一种互相款待和友谊的义务,一旦建立,可以永久维持,并由同一方或其后代在多年后续约。[Calvert Watkins,“美国传统词根词典”]

它构成或部分构成: Euxineguesthospicehospitablehospitalhospitalityhospodarhost(n.1)“接待客人的人”; host(n.2)“大量”; hostagehostelhostilehostilityhostlerhotelXeniaxeno-xenon

它是假设的来源/其存在的证据由以下提供:希腊语 xenos “客人,主人,陌生人”; 拉丁语 hostis,在早期用法中为“陌生人”,在古典用法中为“敌人”, hospes “主人”; 旧教会斯拉夫语 gosti “客人,朋友”, gospodi “主人,主人”; 古英语 gæst,“偶然的来者,陌生人”。