起源于1915年的英语单词列表
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segregationist(n.)
"种族隔离的拥护者或支持者",1915年,来自 segregation + -ist。
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shiv(n.)
"剃刀",可能在1915年,也可能在1890年代或更早期的黑社会俚语中出现,是 chive 的变体(基于发音),这是窃贼的隐语词,意为“刀”(1670年代),其起源不明。经常被认为是罗姆人(吉普赛人)的词语,来自 chivomengro “刀”。
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skyhook(n.)
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smoke-screen(n.)
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snooker(v.)
“使陷入困境,阻止(某人)”,于1915年在一般意义上使用,源自于1889年在台球游戏 snooker 中的特定用法:
One of the great amusements of this game is, by accuracy in strength, to place the white ball so close behind a pool ball that the next player cannot hit a pyramid ball, he being "snookered" from all of them. If he fail to strike a pyramid ball, this failure counts one to the adversary. If, however, in attempting to strike a pyramid ball off a cushion, he strike a pool ball, his adversary is credited with as many points as the pool ball that is struck would count if pocketed by rule. [Maj.-Gen. A.W. Drayson, "The Art of Practical Billiards for Amateurs," 1889]
这个游戏的一个重要娱乐项目是通过准确的力量,将白球放置在母球后面,以至于下一个玩家无法击中金字塔球,他被“snookered”(被困住)了。如果他未能击中金字塔球,则对手得分。然而,如果在试图从垫子上击打金字塔球时,他击中了母球,则他的对手将得到被击中的母球的规则计分。[Maj.-Gen. A.W. Drayson,“The Art of Practical Billiards for Amateurs”,1889]
相关词汇: Snookered; snookering。
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soft-pedal(v.)
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strafe(v.)
1915年,“惩罚,攻击,猛烈轰炸”,由英国士兵从德语 strafen “惩罚”(源自原始日耳曼语 *stræf-)中学来,在一战开始时期(约1914-1916年)在德国流行的口号 Gott strafe England “愿上帝惩罚英格兰”中使用。该词最初用于许多种攻击; “从低空飞机射击地面阵地”的意义是1942年主要的意义。相关词汇: Strafed; strafing。
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thyroxine(n.)
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tick off(v.)
verbal phrase, by 1915, "to reprimand, scold" (in a letter of Wilfred Owen); perhaps reflecting World War I military bureaucracy sense: a soldier "marked off" from a list as dismissed or ineligible. The verbal phrase tick off in accountancy, etc., "make a mark beside an item on a sheet with a pencil, etc.," often indicating a sale, is attested by 1881, from tick (n.2) in the sense of "small mark or dot." Tick (v.) "mark off a name or item on a list" is attested by 1854.
The meaning "to annoy" is recorded by 1971 and is perhaps independent (pissed off "annoyed" is from World War II).
The verbal phrase tick off had earlier described what a telegraph instrument does when it receives a message (1873), what a clock does in marking the passage of time (1777), enumerating on one's fingers (1899).
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TNT
1915年,缩写自 trinitrotoluene(1908年),源自 trinitro-,表示化合物中三个氢原子的位置被三个硝基取代,加上 toluene。