起源于1856年的英语单词列表
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sinkable(adj.)
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skulduggery(n.)
"暗中勾当,流氓阴谋",1856年,显然是苏格兰语 sculdudrie "通奸"(1713)的改编,通过 sculduddery "淫秽、猥亵、粗俗、不贞"(1821),这是一个起源不确定但可能是通过苏格兰语在英语中流行的委婉说法。
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spondulicks(n.)
1856年,美国英语俚语,意为“钱,现金”,起源不明,据说源自希腊语 spondylikos,来自 spondylos,一种用作货币的海贝壳(希腊语字面意思为“脊椎骨”)。 “[U]被马克·吐温和 O.亨利使用,自那时起被纳入英国英语”[Barnhart],在美国消失后在英国英语中幸存。
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tent(v.)
"在帐篷中露营",1856年,来自 tent(名词)。更早的用法是“搭帐篷”(1550年代)。相关词汇: Tented; tenting。
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theocentric(adj.)
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tongue-in-cheek(adv.)
1856年,源自短语 to speak with one's tongue in one's cheek "to speak insincerely"(1748年),暗示狡猾的讽刺或幽默的不真诚,可能是舞台上的一个技巧,用以向观众传达讽刺意味。
Hem! Pray, Sir, said he to the Bard, after thrusting his Tongue into a Corner of his Cheek, and rolling his Eyes at Miss Willis, (Tricks which he had caught by endeavouring to take off a celebrated Comedian) were these fine Tragedies of yours ever acted? [anonymous, "Emily, or the History of a Natural Daughter," 1761]
嗯!先生,他对诗人说,他把舌头塞进脸颊的一角,向 Willis 小姐翻动眼睛(这些都是他努力模仿一位著名喜剧演员时学到的技巧),你的这些精彩的悲剧曾经上演过吗?[匿名,"Emily, or the History of a Natural Daughter," 1761]
This arietta, however, she no sooner began to perform, than he and the justice fell asleep ; but the moment she ceased playing, the knight waked snorting, and exclaimed,—'O cara! what d'ye think, gentlemen? Will you talk any more of your Pargolesi and your Corelli ?'—At the same time, he thrust his tongue in one cheek, and leered with one eye at the doctor and me, who sat on his left hand—He concluded the pantomime with a loud laugh, which he could command at all times extempore. [Smollett, "The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker," 1771]
然而, arietta 一开始表演,他和法官就睡着了; 但是,她一停止演奏,骑士就打鼾醒来,大叫道,— 'O cara! 你们觉得怎么样,先生们?你们还会再谈论你们的帕尔戈莱西和科雷利吗?'—同时,他把舌头塞进一边的脸颊,向坐在他左手边的医生和我瞪眼—他以一个随时可以即兴发出的大笑结束了这个哑剧。[Smollett, "The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker," 1771]
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tractor(n.)
1856年,“拉扯的东西”,源自现代拉丁语 tractor “那个拉的东西”,是拉丁语 trahere “拉,拖”的动作名词(参见 tract(n.1))。早期用于指一种假医疗设备,由两根金属棒组成,据说可以缓解风湿病(1798年,全称为 Perkins's metallic tractor); 这仍然是《世纪词典》(1891年)的主要意义。
“用于拉车或犁的发动机或车辆”的意义记录于1896年,早期为 traction engine(1859年)。 “用于拉货车拖车的强大卡车”的意义首次出现于1926年; tractor-trailer 作为“组合的机动卡车和拖车”始于1914年。
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trophic(adj.)
"与营养、食物或滋养有关的",1856年,来自希腊语 trophikos,源自 trophe "滋养,食物"(参见 -trophy)。
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unbalance(v.)
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viewpoint(n.)