起源于1820年的英语词汇列表
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Rafflesia(n.)
这种寄生植物属于爪哇和苏门答腊本地,1820年以英国苏门答腊总督斯坦福德· Raffles(1781-1826)的名字命名,并加上抽象名词后缀 -ia。他报告称当地名称为 petimum sikinlili “魔鬼槟榔盒”。Raffles 作为从事盗窃或其他犯罪的绅士的典型名字,是来自于 A.J. Raffles,他是《业余窃贼》(1899)和 E.W. Hornung 后来的书籍中的英雄。
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screwy(adj.)
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shanty(n.1)
"简陋的小屋、棚屋、简陋的住所",1820年,据说源自加拿大法语 chantier "伐木工头部",在法语中是指"木材场、码头",源自古法语 chantier "起重机",源自拉丁语 cantherius "椽子、框架"(见 gantry)。美国中下层的爱尔兰人被称为 Shanty Irish,出自1928年吉姆·塔利(Jim Tully)的一本书的书名。
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skippable(adj.)
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skit(n.)
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snow-shovel(n.)
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sodden(adj.)
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stele(n.)
"竖立的石板",通常刻有铭文,始于1820年,源自希腊语 stēlē "竖立的石块、石板",尤指刻有铭文的石碑,如墓碑,源自 PIE *stal-na-, 词根 *stel- 的带后缀形式,意为"放置、站立、整理",派生词指代一个竖立的物体或地方。相关词汇: Stelar。
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stethoscope(n.)
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stump speech(n.)
"public political oratory," 1820, in Kentucky and Tennessee newspapers:
The plan ... was proposed, we are informed, in a stump speech delivered by the candidate, with loud acclamations of applause to a number of the electors of the county .... [Knoxville Register, June 27, 1820]
See stump (n.) + speech (n.). Stump oratory in reference to a style of political address is by 1809; stump-orator by 1805. In new settlements, large tree stumps were natural perches for rural orators, a custom attested in America from at least 1775. When used in the East or England, the term tended to be slighting.
Hence stump (v.) "electioneer by a political public-speaking tour, harangue from the stump, make stump speeches" (1838; stumping it is by 1836).
This meaning of the word arose from the frequent early use in the United States of a tree stump as a rostrum in open-air political meetings. It does not necessarily convey a derogatory Implication. [Century Dictionary, 1891]