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manslaughter的词源解释,manslaughter来源

manslaughter(n.)

14世纪初,“杀害另一个人类的行为、罪行或罪恶”,无论是在战斗中还是不在战斗中,来自 man(n.)+ slaughter(n.)。它逐渐取代了早期的 manslaught,来自古英语 manslæht(安格利亚语), manslieht(西撒克逊语),来自 slæhtslieht “杀戮行为”(见 slay(v.))。中古英语还有 man-quelling “谋杀,杀人”(14世纪晚期),以及 slaughter-man(14世纪晚期),“行刑者; 屠夫”。

从词源上讲,它与拉丁语 homicide 相似,但在法律用途中通常与 murder 区分开来,并限于“简单的杀人,非法杀害他人,无论是明示还是暗示都没有恶意”。

Manslaughter differs from murder in not proceeding from malice prepense or deliberate, which is essential to constitute murder. It differs from excusable homicide, being done in consequence of some unlawful act, whereas excusable homicide happens in consequence of misadventure. Manslaughter has been distinguished as voluntary, where the killing was intentional in a sudden heat or passion without previous malice; and involuntary, where it was not intentional, but the slayer was at the time engaged in an unlawful act less than a felony, or doing a lawful act in an unlawful manner. [Century Dictionary]
杀人罪与谋杀罪不同,因为它不是出于预谋或故意,这是构成谋杀罪的必要条件。它与可原谅的杀人罪不同,因为可原谅的杀人罪是由于意外事件而发生的。杀人罪已被区分为 voluntary,即在突然的热情或激情中故意杀人,没有先前的恶意; 和 involuntary,即不是故意的,但杀人者当时从事的是低于重罪的非法行为,或者是以非法方式从事合法行为。[世纪词典]

该词起源时间:14世纪初