gazette(n.)
"报纸",约1600年,源自法语 gazette(16世纪),来自意大利 gazzetta,威尼斯方言 gazeta "报纸",也是一种小铜币的名称,字面意思是"小喜鹊",来自 gazza; 应用于威尼斯政府出版的月刊报纸(gazeta de la novità),可能是因为其价格或与鸟(典型的虚假闲聊)的关联,或两者兼而有之。1665年首次用于牛津发行的报纸,当时法庭因瘟疫而逃往那里。
这种硬币可能因其标记而被称为这个名字; Gamillscheg 写道这个词源自法语 gai(见 jay)。这个词的起源的一般故事被广泛接受,但细节上有许多变化:
We are indebted to the Italians for the idea of newspapers. The title of their gazettas was, perhaps, derived from gazzera, a magpie or chatterer; or, more probably, from a farthing coin, peculiar to the city of Venice, called gazetta, which was the common price of the newspapers. Another etymologist is for deriving it from the Latin gaza, which would colloquially lengthen into gazetta, and signify a little treasury of news. The Spanish derive it from the Latin gaza, and likewise their gazatero, and our gazetteer, for a writer of the gazette and, what is peculiar to themselves, gazetista, for a lover of the gazette. [Isaac Disraeli, "Curiosities of Literature," 1835]
我们要感谢意大利人提出了报纸的想法。他们的 gazettas 的标题,也许是源自 gazzera,一种喜鹊或喋喋不休的鸟; 或者更可能是源自威尼斯市特有的一种四分之一便士硬币,称为 gazetta,这是报纸的普通价格。另一位词源学家认为它源自拉丁语 gaza,口语中会变成 gazetta,意思是新闻的小宝库。西班牙人将其源自拉丁语 gaza,同样是他们的 gazatero,以及我们的 gazetteer,指的是 gazette 的作者,而他们独有的 gazetista,指的是热爱报纸的人。[艾萨克·迪斯雷利,《文学奇闻》(Curiosities of Literature),1835年]
Gazzetta It., Sp. gazeta, Fr. E. gazette; prop. the name of a Venetian coin (from gaza), so in Old English. Others derive gazette from gazza a magpie, which, it is alleged, was the emblem figured on the paper; but it does not appear on any of the oldest Venetian specimens preserved at Florence. The first newspapers appeared at Venice about the middle of the 16th century during the war with Soliman II, in the form of a written sheet, for the privilege of reading which a gazzetta (= a crazia) was paid. Hence the name was transferred to the news-sheet. [T.C. Donkin, "Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages" (based on Diez), 1864]
Gazzetta 意大利语、西班牙语 gazeta,法语 gazette; 原指威尼斯硬币的名称(来自 gaza),在古英语中也是如此。其他人将 gazette 源自 gazza,即意大利语中的喜鹊,据称这是报纸上描绘的标志; 但在佛罗伦萨保存的最古老的威尼斯样本中没有出现。第一份报纸于16世纪中期在威尼斯出现,当时与苏莱曼二世的战争期间以书面形式出现,为了阅读它的特权,需要支付一枚 gazzetta(=一枚 crazia)。因此,这个名字被转移到了新闻纸上。[T.C. Donkin,《罗曼语言词源词典》(基于 Diez),1864年]
GAZETTE. A paper of public intelligence and news of divers countries, first printed at Venice, about the year 1620, and so called (some say) because una gazetta, a small piece of Venetian coin, was given to buy or read it. Others derive the name from gazza, Italian for magpie, i.e. chatterer.—Trusler. A gazette was printed in France in 1631; and one in Germany in 1715. [Haydn's "Dictionary of Dates," 1857]
GAZETTE。一份公共情报和各国新闻的报纸,最初于1620年左右在威尼斯印刷,因为(有人说)需要支付 una gazetta,即一枚威尼斯硬币,才能购买或阅读它。其他人将这个名字源自 gazza,即意大利语中的喜鹊,即 i.e. 喋喋不休的人。— Trusler。1631年法国出版了一份报纸; 1715年德国也出版了一份报纸。[海顿的《日期词典》(Haydn's "Dictionary of Dates"),1857年]
该词起源时间:约1600年