slander(n.)
13世纪晚期, sclaundre ,“名誉受损的状态; 耻辱或丢脸”; 公元1300年左右,“恶意传播的虚假故事或报道; 为了抹黑某人而制造和传播虚假故事”,源自盎格鲁-法语的 esclaundre,古法语的 esclandre “引起丑闻的陈述”,是 escandle , escandre 的改编(“加入 l ”,世纪词典),意为“丑闻”,源自拉丁语 scandalum ,意为“冒犯原因,绊脚石,诱惑”(见 scandal )。
从14世纪中期起,它用来说明“引起羞耻或丢脸的行动或情况”; 14世纪末,它指“糟糕的情况,邪恶的行为”,并涉及到一些引起这种情况的人。
The injury [slander] consists in falsely and maliciously charging another with the commission of some public offense criminal in itself, and indictable, and subjecting the party to an infamous punishment, or involving moral turpitude, or the breach of some public trust, or with any matter in relation to his particular trade or vocation, and which, if true, would render him unworthy of employment ; or, lastly, with any other matter or thing by which special injury is sustained. [James Kent, "Commentaries on American Law," 1844]
伤害[诽谤]是指对另一个人虚假而恶意地指控某些本身是公开犯罪,可起诉并受到可耻惩罚的行为,并使参与其间者涉及道德堕落、违反某些公共信任、特定贸易或职业关系方面的问题,如果这些指控属实,会使被指控者不配任何职业; 最后,涉及任何其他特殊的伤害的事情。[詹姆斯·肯特(James Kent),《美国法评论》,1844年]
该词起源时间:13世纪末
slander(v.)
13世纪晚期, sclaundren,“诽谤,诬告,恶意中伤”,源自盎格鲁-法语 esclaundrer,古法语 esclandrer,源自古法语 esclandre “丑闻”,参见 slander(n.)。相关词汇: Slandered; slandering; slanderer。在早期的圣经翻译中,有时也更接近拉丁文的字面意义,或者带有“对信仰、恩典等的绊脚石”的概念。
And who euer schal sclaundre oon of these litle that bileuen in me, it were betere to hym that a mylne stoon of assis were don aboute his necke, and he were cast in to the see. [Mark ix.42]
“凡使这信我的小子中的一个跌倒的,倒不如把大磨石拴在这人的颈项上,沉在深海里。”[马可福音9:42]
在 KJV 中,“凡使这信我的小子中的一个跌倒的,倒不如把大磨石拴在这人的颈项上,沉在深海里。”
该词起源时间:13世纪末