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sabotage的词源解释,sabotage来源

sabotage(n.)

1907年(英语中的法语词汇从1903年开始),“工人恶意破坏或毁坏雇主财产”,源自法语 sabotage,源自 saboter “破坏,搞砸”,字面意思是“大声走路”,源自 sabot “木鞋”(参见 sabaton)。

In English, "malicious mischief" would appear to be the nearest explicit definition of "sabotage," which is so much more expressive as to be likely of adoption into all languages spoken by nations suffering from this new force in industry and morals. Sabotage has a flavor which is unmistakable even to persons knowing little slang and no French .... [Century Magazine, November 1910] 
在英语中,“恶意破坏”似乎是“破坏”的最近明确定义,这个词太具表现力,以至于可能被所有遭受这种新工业和道德力量折磨的国家所采用。Sabotage 有一种味道,即使是不懂俚语和不懂法语的人也能明白.... [《世纪杂志》1910年11月] 

在法语中,最初在英语中,“故意恶意破坏财产”的意义是指劳资纠纷,但是经常重复的故事(与英语中的记录一样古老),即现代意义源于罢工者所谓的将鞋子扔进机器的策略,没有得到词源学的支持。可能它并不是一个字面意象; 这个词在法语中被用于各种“搞砸”的意义,比如“演奏一首音乐曲目不好听”。

这也是一些早期用法的解释:

SABOTAGE [chapter heading] The title we have prefixed seems to mean "scamping work." It is a device which, we are told, has been adopted by certain French workpeople as a substitute for striking. The workman, in other words, purposes to remain on and to do his work badly, so as to annoy his employer's customers and cause loss to his employer. [The Liberty Review, January 1907]
SABOTAGE [章节标题] 我们所添加的标题似乎意味着“草草了事”。我们被告知,这是某些法国工人采用的一种替代罢工的设备。换句话说,工人打算继续工作,但工作质量很差,以便打扰雇主的客户并给雇主造成损失。[《自由评论》1907年1月]
You may believe that sabotage is murder, and so forth, but it is not so at all. Sabotage means giving back to the bosses what they give to us. Sabotage consists in going slow with the process of production when the bosses go slow with the same process in regard to wages. [Arturo M. Giovannitti, quoted in report of the Sagamore Sociological Conference, June 1907]
你可能认为破坏是谋杀等等,但实际上并不是这样。Sabotage 意味着将老板给我们的东西还给老板。当老板在工资方面缓慢时,Sabotage 就是在生产过程中放慢速度。[Arturo M. Giovannitti,引用 Sagamore Sociological Conference 的报告,1907年6月]

军事上的扩展,指的是在第一次世界大战中进行秘密破坏以破坏敌人。

该词起源时间:1907年

sabotage(v.)

“故意和恶意地破坏或使无法使用”,1912年,源自 sabotage(名词)。相关词汇: Sabotaged(被破坏的); sabotaging(破坏中的)。

该词起源时间:1912年