pizza（n.）
"披萨是一道来自意大利的美食，由面团作为基底，抹上橄榄、西红柿、芝士、腌鱼等食材，再在极热的烤炉里烤制而成" [OED]，出现于1931年。源于意大利语 pizza，原本指“糕点，馅饼，派”，但其来源不甚明确。1907年的 "Vocabolario Etimologico della Lingua Italiana" 报告称其可能源于当地话中的 pinza “夹子”（源于拉丁语 pinsere “捣碎，压制”）。 Klein 则认为它与中世纪希腊语 pitta “蛋糕，派”有关（参见 pita）。Watkins 表示，这可能是来自类似于古老高地德语 bizzo， pizzo “一口咬，一小口”，源自原始日耳曼语 *biton-（参见 bit（n.1））。 Ayto ["Diner's Dictionary"] 也倾向于这种解释。
The notion of taking a flat piece of bread dough and baking it with a savoury topping is a widespread one and of long standing — the Armenians claim to have invented it, and certainly it was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans — but it is Italy, and particularly Naples, that has given its version of the dish to the world. ... Since then it has undergone a series of metamorphoses in base, topping, and general character that would make it hard for Neapolitans to recognize as their own, but which have transformed it into a key item on the international fast-food menu. [Ayto]
取一块平面面团，用食材作为配料，在上面烘烤的想法在许多地方都很流行，并且由来已久-亚美尼亚人宣称是他们发明的，肯定古希腊人和罗马人也知道此类食物-但是意大利，尤其是那不勒斯，将其版本推向了世界。…此后，它经历了一系列的演变，包括基础，配料和总体特色的变化，使那不勒斯人很难认出他们自己的做法，但这已经将它转化成为国际快餐菜单上必不可少的一项了。[Ayto]
A pizza is manufactured, as far as I can ascertain, by garnishing a slab of reinforced asphalt paving with mucilage, whale-blubber and the skeletons of small fishes, baking same to the consistency of a rubber heel, and serving piping-hot with a dressing of molten lava. ["Simon Stylites," in The Bergen Evening Record, May 15, 1931]
就我所知，制造披萨是将一块加固的沥青铺装面，涂上黏合剂、鲸脂和小鱼骨骼，在烤制至橡胶鞋底的浓稠状态后，带着熔岩般的调料上桌。["Simon Stylites"，“The Bergen Evening Record”，1931年5月15日]
该词起源时间：1931年