paraclete(n.)
15世纪中叶, Paraclit,圣灵的称号,源自古法语 paraclet(13世纪),来自中世纪拉丁语 paracletus,源自教会拉丁语对希腊语 paraklētos 的翻译,意为“辩护者,代祷者,法律助手”,是一个形容词的名词用法,意为“被召唤来帮助”,源自 parakalein “召唤来帮助”,后来用于“安慰,抚慰”的意义,源自 para(参见 para-(1))+ kalein “召唤”(源自 PIE 词根 *kele-(2)“呼喊”)。
[I]n the widest sense, a helper, succorer, aider, assistant; so of the Holy Spirit destined to take the place of Christ with the apostles (after his ascension to the Father), to lead them to a deeper knowledge of gospel truth, and to give them the divine strength needed to enable them to undergo trials and persecutions on behalf of the divine kingdom .... [Thayer, "A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament," 1889]
“在最广泛的意义上, a helper, succorer, aider, assistant; 因此,圣灵被命定在基督升天后与使徒们一起(代替基督)引导他们更深入地了解福音真理,并赋予他们在为神的国度忍受试炼和迫害时所需的神圣力量.... [塞耶尔,《新约圣经希腊语-英语词典》,1889年]
但有时在英文圣经中也被翻译为 Advocate,基于“代祷”的概念。这个词早在13世纪初直接从拉丁语借入,作为 paraclitus。
该词起源时间:15世纪中期