helm(n.1)
"船舵,掌舵的工具",源自古英语 helma "舵; 指引、控制的位置",源自原始日耳曼语 *helmaz(也指古诺尔斯语 hjalm,古高地德语 helmo,德语 Helm "手柄"),源自原始印欧语 *kelp- "抓住,握住"(参见 helve)。
Helm - the handle or tiller, in large ships the wheel, by which the runner is managed; the word is sometimes used with reference to the whole stearing [sic]-gear.
Rudder - that part of the helm which consists of a broad piece of timber, enters the water, and is governed by means of the wheel or tiller.
Tiller - the bar or lever by means of which the rudder of a ship or boat is turned.
[J.H.A. Günther, "English Synonyms Explained & Illustrated," Groningen, 1904]
舵柄 - 大型船只中管理舵的手柄或操纵杆,有时也指整个舵机构。
舵板 - 舵的一部分,由一块宽阔的木材组成,进入水中,通过方向盘或操纵杆控制。
操纵杆 - 通过这个杆子或杠杆,可以控制船或小艇的舵。
[J.H.A. Günther, "英语同义词解释与说明",格罗宁根,1904年]
helm(n.2)
“头盔,头部的防护罩”,源自古英语 helm “保护,覆盖; 王冠,头盔”,源自原始日耳曼语 *helmaz “保护罩”(同源词:古弗里西亚语、古撒克逊语、古高地德语 helm,德语 Helm,古诺尔斯语 hjalmr,哥特语 hilms),源自 PIE 词根 *kel- (1) “覆盖,隐藏,保存”。意大利语 elmo,西班牙语 yelmo 源自日耳曼语。