entropy(n.)
1868年,源自德语 Entropie,意为“系统无序程度的度量”,由德国物理学家鲁道夫·克劳修斯(Rudolph Clausius)(1822-1888)于1865年创造(类比于 Energie),用于他关于热力学定律的著作中,源自希腊语 entropia,意为“转向”,由 en “在”(见 en-(2))和 trope “转动,转化”(源自 PIE 词根 *trep- “转动”)组成。这个概念被认为是“转化内容”。相关词汇: Entropic。
It was not until 1865 that Clausius invented the word entropy as a suitable name for what he had been calling "the transformational content of the body." The new word made it possible to state the second law in the brief but portentous form: "The entropy of the universe tends toward a maximum," but Clausius did not view entropy as the basic concept for understanding that law. He preferred to express the physical meaning of the second law in terms of the concept of disgregation, another word that he coined, a concept that never became part of the accepted structure of thermodynamics. [Martin J. Klein, "The Scientific Style of Josiah Willard Gibbs," in "A Century of Mathematics in America," 1989]
直到1865年,克劳修斯才发明了熵这个词,作为他一直称之为“物体转化内容”的合适名称。新词使得第二定律能够以简洁而重要的形式陈述:“宇宙的熵趋向于最大值”,但克劳修斯并不认为熵是理解该定律的基本概念。他更喜欢用分散的概念来表达第二定律的物理意义,这是他创造的另一个词,但这个概念从未成为热力学结构的一部分。[马丁·克莱因(Martin J. Klein),《美国数学百年史》,1989年]
该词起源时间:1868年