deodand(n.)
前英格兰法律中,“因直接导致某人死亡的个人动产被没收并出售,所得款项用于慈善事业”,1520年代起,源于盎格鲁-法语 deodande(13世纪末出现),来自中世纪拉丁语 deodandum,由 Deo dandum 组成,“应给上帝的东西”,由拉丁语 deus(源自 PIE 词根 *dyeu-,“发光”,在相关词汇中指“天空,天堂,神”)和中性发展体介词 dare(源自 PIE 词根 *do-,“给”)构成。废除于1846年。
Thus, if a cart ran over a man and killed him, the cart was by law forfeited as a deodand, and the coroner's jury was required to fix the value of the forfeited property. The pious object of the forfeiture was early lost sight of, and the king might and often did cede his right to deodands within certain limits as a private perquisite. [Century Dictionary]
因此,如果一辆马车压死了一个人,那么这辆马车就会被法律没收为 deodand,谷仓的陪审团需要评估没收财产的价值。没收财产的慈善目的很快就被忽视了,国王可能会经常放弃对 deodands 的权利,将其作为私人特权来行使。 【世纪词典】
该词起源时间:1520年代