h字母开头的单词列表
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hydrography(n.)
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hydrology(n.)
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hydrolysis(n.)
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hydrometer(n.)
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hydrophobic(adj.)
1807年,来自 hydrophobia 和 -ic。
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hydrophobia(n.)
14世纪末, idroforbia,"对水的恐惧,对吞咽水的厌恶",是人类患上狂犬病的症状(有时用于指代疾病本身),源自晚期拉丁语 hydrophobia,来自希腊语 hydrophobos "害怕水",由 hydr- 构成, hydor "水"的词干(来自 PIE 词根 *wed-(1)"水; 湿润"的后缀形式)+ phobos "恐惧,害怕"(参见 phobia)。之所以这样称呼,是因为患者对水表现出厌恶并且吞咽困难。在古英语中称为 wæterfyrhtness。相关: Hydrophobe。
The term hydrophobia, which has been so generally applied to the Lyssa canina, has been deservedly reprobated, because the "dread of water," the literal meaning of the word, is not a pathognomonic mark of the disease. The older writers used the terms aerophobia, or a "dread of air," and pantophobia, or a "fear of all things," as appropriate names for the disease, because the impression cold air sometimes excites terror, and the disorder is marked, by a singular degree of general timidity and distrust. ["Encyclopaedia Londinensis," 1823]
将“恐水症”这个术语广泛应用于 Lyssa canina 是不妥的,因为这个词的字面意思“对水的恐惧”并不是这种疾病的特征。早期的作家使用 aerophobia 或者“对空气的恐惧”,以及 pantophobia 或者“对一切事物的恐惧”作为这种疾病的适当名称,因为寒冷的空气有时会引发恐惧,而这种疾病则表现出一种特殊程度的胆怯和不信任。["伦敦百科全书",1823]
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hydroplane(n.)
hydroplane(v.)
到了1908年,“使用水翼在水面上滑行”,源自 hydroplane(名词)。意思是“在薄薄的水层上打滑”(尤指汽车轮胎),首次记录于1962年,正确的说法是 aquaplane(本身在1961年就有这个意思)。相关词汇: Hydroplaned; hydroplaning。
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hydroponics(n.)
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hydropower(n.)
"水力发电",1922年,来自 hydro-(缩写 hydro-electric)+ power(n.)。
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hydropsy(n.)
见 dropsy。