lame duck(n.)
1761年,“任何残疾人或物”; 特别是股票交易行话中的“违约者”。
A lame duck is a man who cannot pay his differences, and is said to waddle off. [Thomas Love Peacock, "Gryll Grange," 1861]
瘸鸭是指一个无法支付差额的人,据说会摇摇晃晃地走开。[托马斯·洛夫·皮科克,《格里尔·格兰奇》,1861年]
有时也用于海军中,指“一艘老旧、缓慢的船”。现代意义上的“公职人员在选举后任期内任职”的含义可追溯至1863年的美国英语。被归功于林肯总统的引用(“[一位]无事可做的参议员或代表是一种瘸鸭。他必须得到提供。”)来自于1878年的轶事。
It is well known to everybody who knows anything of its history, that this court [Court of Claims] was made a sort of retreat for lame duck politicians that got wounded and had to retreat before the face of popular condemnation. That is just exactly what it was for, a safe retreat for lame ducks; and it was so filled up; (etc.) [Sen. John P. Hale, New Hampshire, Congressional Globe, Jan. 12, 1863, p.271]
众所周知,凡是了解它的历史的人都知道,这个法院[索赔法庭]是为了那些受伤而不得不在大众谴责面前撤退的瘸鸭政治家而设立的。这正是它的用途,为瘸鸭提供一个安全的避难所; 它就是这样填满的; (等等)[新罕布什尔州参议员约翰·P·黑尔,国会环球报,1863年1月12日,第271页]
该词起源时间:1761年