degeneration(n.)
大约1600年,“种族或种类固有品质的丧失或损害”,也比喻为“降至劣等状态”,源自法语 dégéneration(15世纪)或直接源自拉丁语 degenerationem(主格 degeneratio),是拉丁语 degenerare 的动名词,意为“不如祖先,变得与种族或种类不同,从祖先的品质中跌落”,既用于身体的品质,也用于道德的品质,来自 de genere 短语,由 de “从……向下,远离”(见 de-)和 genus(属格 generis)“出生,血统”(源自 PIE 词根 *gene- “生育,产生”)组成。
[Degeneration] means literally an unkinding, the undoing of a kind, and in this sense was first used to express the change of kind without regard to whether the change was to perfect or to degrade; but it is now used exclusively to denote a change from a higher to a lower kind, that is to say, from a more complex to a less complex organisation; it is a process of dissolution, the opposite of that process of involution which is pre-essential to evolution. [Henry Maudsley, "Body and Will," 1884]
【退化】字面意思是 unkinding,即一种 kind 的消失,最初用于表达种类的变化,而不考虑变化是完美还是堕落; 但现在它专门用于表示从更高级别到更低级别的变化,也就是从更复杂的组织到更简单的组织的变化; 它是 dissolution 的过程,是进化前必不可少的 involution 过程的相反。【亨利·莫德斯利,《身体与意志》,1884年】
该词起源时间:约1600年