commando(n.)
1791年,南非背景下,“博尔人为个人目的而对土著人进行的私人军事袭击”,也是袭击的领导者和许可的名称,来自南非荷兰语 commando,“指挥官领导下的部队”,来自葡萄牙语 commando,字面意思是“被指挥的团体”(见 command(v.))。
"A colonist" says he, "who lives two hundred leagues up the country, arrives at the Cape, to complain that the Caffrees have taken all his cattle; and intreats a commando, which is a permission to go, with the help of his neighbours, to retake his property; the governor, who either does not, or feigns not to understand the trick, adheres strictly to the facts expressed in the petition: a preamble of regular information would occasion long delays; a permission is easily given—tis but a word—the fatal word is written, which proves a sentence of death to a thousand poor savages, who have no such defence or resources as their persecutors." [George Carter, "A Narrative of the Loss of the Grosvenor," 1791]
“一个殖民者”说,“他住在距离国家两百个里程的地方,到开普敦来抱怨卡夫里人抢走了他所有的牛,并请求一支 commando,这是一种许可,让他和他的邻居一起去夺回他的财产; 总督,要么不理解,要么假装不理解这个诡计,严格遵守请愿书中表达的事实:一个正式信息的序言会引起长时间的延误; 许可很容易给出——只是一个词——致命的词被写下来,对于一千个没有像他们的迫害者那样的防御或资源的可怜野蛮人来说,这证明了死亡的判决。”[乔治·卡特,《格罗夫纳号失事的叙述》,1791]
“精英特种部队士兵,接受快速行动训练”的意义始于1940年(最初是指震慑德国入侵英格兰的冲击部队),最早见于温斯顿·丘吉尔的著作,他可能在博尔战争期间学到了这个词。
短语 going commando “不穿内衣”的用法可以追溯到1996年,美国俚语,可能是因为准备随时行动。
该词起源时间:1791年