Gradgrind（n.）
"冷酷、事实为主的人"，源自狄更斯1854年的小说《硬时代》中的学校董事会主席和工厂主的名字：
THOMAS GRADGRIND, sir. A man of realities. A man of facts and calculations. A man who proceeds upon the principle that two and two are four, and nothing over, and who is not to be talked into allowing for anything over. Thomas Gradgrind, sir - peremptorily Thomas - Thomas Gradgrind. With a rule and a pair of scales, and the multiplication table always in his pocket, sir, ready to weigh and measure any parcel of human nature, and tell you exactly what it comes to. It is a mere question of figures, a case of simple arithmetic. ....
In such terms Mr. Gradgrind always mentally introduced himself, whether to his private circle of acquaintance, or to the public in general. In such terms, no doubt, substituting the words 'boys and girls,' for 'sir,' Thomas Gradgrind now presented Thomas Gradgrind to the little pitchers before him, who were to be filled so full of facts.
Indeed, as he eagerly sparkled at them from the cellarage before mentioned, he seemed a kind of cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts, and prepared to blow them clean out of the regions of childhood at one discharge. He seemed a galvanizing apparatus, too, charged with a grim mechanical substitute for the tender young imaginations that were to be stormed away.
“托马斯·格拉德格林德，先生。一个现实主义者。一个事实和计算的人。一个遵循两加二等于四，没有多余的东西，不会被谈话说服的人。托马斯·格拉德格林德，先生——坚决的托马斯——托马斯·格拉德格林德。他随身带着尺子和秤，还有乘法表，随时准备称量和测量任何一小部分人性，并告诉你它的确切含义。这只是一个数字问题，一个简单的算术问题。....
无论是在他的私人社交圈子中，还是在公众面前，格拉德格林德先生总是以这样的方式自我介绍。毫无疑问，现在他用“男孩和女孩”代替“先生”，向他面前的小孩子们介绍托马斯·格拉德格林德。
事实上，当他从上述地窖里热情地望着他们时，他似乎是一种装满事实的大炮，准备在一次发射中将他们从童年的世界中彻底摧毁。他似乎也是一种充满了冷酷机械替代品的电镀设备，用于攻击那些娇嫩的年轻想象力。
该词起源时间：1854年